The null hypothesis is the complement of the alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis is what you anticipate through randomness. The alternative hypothesis, sometimes known as the alternate hypothesis is the opposite of that. It is what you would not anticipate by randomness. More often than not you are trying to reject the null because you are trying to see a change in something – considering that most Six Sigma projects are trying to fix broken processes.
The null hypothesis refers to the default prediction in research that no significant statistical relationship exists between two variables or two sets of data. The assumption in the null hypothesis …
In every operation that involves many different processes, tasks and types of equipment, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed by the enormity of the operation. One of the biggest benefits of …
The Andon Board, also known as an Andon Cord, is a status board usually erected high enough to ensure visibility by all of the factory workers.
Use: The Andon Board is a part of a visual factory. It is a way for everyone to see the status of the flow, and flow stoppages throughout the day. The concept started in Japan and is now used widely as a way to both visually see and sometimes hear when conditions change throughout the day.
The Ishikawa Tools (also known as Seven Basic Tools) are made up of the Cause-Effect Diagram, Check Sheet, Control Chart, Histogram, Pareto Chart, Scatter Diagram, and Stratification.
Process map is an illustration of the entire process. It is usually drawn by the team facilitator on a large whiteboard or a long stretched out roll of ‘butcher’ paper. The process map gives the team visualization of how the process works. The process map is a simple, but very powerful tool that really is not meant to be a decision-by-decision flowchart; instead, it is more of a block diagram that shows the various steps of the whole process.
5S derives its name from five Japanese terms beginning with the letter ‘S’. A conscientiously-applied program of 5S creates a workplace suited for visual control and Lean production. Collectively, the five S’s (detailed below) outline how to create a workplace that is visibly organized, free of clutter, neatly arranged, and sparkling clean. The 5S system is often a starting place for implementing Lean operations.
A Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a risk management tool that identifies potential failures within a system or process and classifies them by likelihood of occurrence and potential …
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a risk management tool that is often used in quality and reliability engineering to identify high risk items based on the consequences of failure. FMEA can be a process FMEA (where the risks are process failures) or a design FMEA (where the risks are product or system-related failures).
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) focuses on reducing the amount of downtime for equipment, one of the biggest sources of revenue loss in all industries. TPM calls for integrating maintenance as …
